Runoff
Dead Zone
Waste Disposable
Artificial Reefs (My Cornell Notes)
Wenner, Elizabeth. SCDNR - Artificial Reefs. 2010 South Carolina Department of Natural Resources. 9/24/2012 <http://www.dnr.sc.gov/marine/pub/seascience/artreef.html>.
Paraphrases:
Summaries:
Quote:
“To many saltwater fishermen and sport divers the term "reef" usually brings to mind a scene of a picturesque tropical coral reef with schools of brightly colored fish swimming through clear waters and a maze of intricate coral heads, swaying sea fans and large sponges” (Wenner, Elizabeth).
Oil Spills
Overfishing
Climate change
Human Depending on Oceans
- Runoff: water moving across the surface of our planet
- It picks up trash, fertilizers, pesticides, and dumps all this pollution into the ocean.
- Dead Zones
- Gulf of Mexico second largest dead zones in the world.
Dead Zone
- Dead zone: reduced level of oxygen in the ocean.
- Fertilizers run off into the ocean and helps the algae grow.
- When fertilizer stops coming, the algae dies, and the oxygen level goes down because algae is dead. And slowly the creatures slowly die out one by one or they can migrate if possible. Then it becomes a dead zone.
Waste Disposable
- People would dump trash in the ocean because it was cheap and efficient.
- When the Industrial Revolution came, people started to dump chemical waste in the water and it started to pollute the ocean.
- The great pacific garbage patch is twice the size of Texas and all the trash that is dumped into ocean kind of goes there.
Artificial Reefs (My Cornell Notes)
Wenner, Elizabeth. SCDNR - Artificial Reefs. 2010 South Carolina Department of Natural Resources. 9/24/2012 <http://www.dnr.sc.gov/marine/pub/seascience/artreef.html>.
Paraphrases:
- Artificial reefs are man-made structures that colonized by natural sea creatures. The productivity of the man made reef depends on the life span of the objects used to make the reef.
- Large masses of steel and concrete, which are environmentally safe materials and has a long productivity rate, are used to create artificial reefs. Then slowly life forms start to form on the ends of the mass, and slowly attract larger life forms.
Summaries:
- In South Carolina, the artificial reefs are built to attract sport divers and provide opportunities to fish for recreation. About 20 million dollars per year is made from these individuals who use these artificial reefs and it benefits the economy as a whole over one year. These artificial reefs are also made from recyclable items that have no more purpose on land and that have already completed their service life span, like concrete pipes, concrete pilings, steel highway bridges, and other bulky structures.
- Fishing in an artificial reef is most benefiting during the months of May through November, but even in the winter many favorable fish are available. Some fish that are available is the bluefish, cobia, amberjack, Spanish mackerel, king mackerel, etc. No matter if you are a beginner or if you are advanced, you are sure to catch some good fish. Sharks and barracuda are found in the inshore reefs during summer, and dolphins, tuna, and sailfish have been close to or in the offshore reefs.
Quote:
“To many saltwater fishermen and sport divers the term "reef" usually brings to mind a scene of a picturesque tropical coral reef with schools of brightly colored fish swimming through clear waters and a maze of intricate coral heads, swaying sea fans and large sponges” (Wenner, Elizabeth).
Oil Spills
- Caused by human error.
- It affects humans as well as sealife because they have to pay to clean up and also they eat the fish that is in the polluted water.
- Seabirds would get oil on their wings and then they could not fly or it would get into their pores and pollute them that way.
Overfishing
- People cause it when they hunt that type of fish and that species goes extinct.
- Fishing nets pick up a lot of fish and picks up alot of trash and sea debris from the ocean bottom.
Climate change
- Climate change is drastically changes over a period of time.
- Causing globally warming is carbon dioxide, cars, factory waste, etc.
- Sea level is excepted to rise 2 feet over the next year.
- Carbon dioxide is like a shield that traps the heat inside the planet.
- Carbon dioxide can also affect our health (human health).
- We increased the use of carbon dioxide by a 3rd since the Industrial Revolution.
- If the freshwater ice caps keep melting, then the saltiness of the sea will go down.
Human Depending on Oceans
- Plankton and algae living the water produce half of the worlds oxygen.
- Organisms that live in the sea we consume and if they dont have food we dont have food.
- Ships travel across the oceans.
- Oil spills also kill fish and then we wont have any fish.
- We also get salt, minerals, and zinc from the ocean.
- We use it for recreational purposes.
- We use stuff from the ocean for medical purposes, like leeches?